Practical
Moral Philosophy for Lawyers
Background & Reference
Readings
Basic Texts: David Luban (ed.), The Good
Lawyer: Lawyer's Roles and Lawyer's Ethics (Totowa, New Jersey:
Rowman & Allanheld, 1983); Anthony Kronman, The Lost Lawyer:
Failing Ideals of the Legal Profession (Cambridge; Belknap Press
of harvard University Press, 1993); Thomas L. Shaffer, Faith
and the Professions (Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, 1987);
Stanley Hauerwas, Vision and Virtue: Essays in Christian Ethical
Reflection (Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press,
1981); Benjamin Sells, The Soul of the Law (Rockport, Mass.:
Element, 1994); Rand Jack & Dana Crowley Jack, Moral Vision
and Professional Decisions: The Changing Values of Women and
Men Lawyers (1989); Thomas L. Shaffer & Robert F. Cochran,
Jr., Lawyers, Clients, and Moral Responsibility (1994)
Can a Good Lawyer Be a Good Person?: Judith L. Maute,
Balanced Lives in a Stressful Profession: An Impossible Dream?,
21 Cap. U. L. Rev. 797 (1992); Michael Distelhorst, Judging Ourselves
as Heirs to the Realist Inisght: The Role of Ethics as a Bridge
Between Law and Life, 60 Cin. L. Rev. 43 (1991); Gerald Postema,
Moral Responsibility in Professional Ethics, 55 N.Y.U.L.Rev.
63 (1980); Richard Wssserstrom, Legal Education and the Good
Lawyer, 34 J. Legal Educ. 155 (1984)
Ordinary Morality/Professional Morality: Thomas L.
Shaffer, Faith and the Professions 71-73, 75, 76, 85, 93, 95-96,
97, 99-100, 108-109 (Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, 1987);
Richard Wasserstrom, Lawyers as Professionals: Some Moral Issues,
5 Human Rights 1 (Fall, 1975); Monroe H. Freedman, Personal Responsibility
in a Professional System, 27 Cath. U. L. Rev. 191, 193-196 (1978)(a
response to Wasserstrom); Thomas Huff, The Temptations of Creon:
Philosophical Reflections on the Ethics of the Lawyer's Professional
Role, 46 Mont. L. Rev. 47 (1985); Alan Goldman, The Moral Foundations
of Professional Ethics 1, 2, 6-7, 18, 19, 23 (1980); Michael
Schudson, Public, Private, and Professional Lives: The Correspondence
of David Duley Field and Samuel Bowles, 21 Amer. J. Leg. History
191 (1977); Robert M. Veatch, Medical Ethics: Professional or
Universal, 65 Harv. Theological Rev. 531 (1972); Benjamin Freedman,
A Meta-Ethics for Professional Morality, 89 Ethics 1 (1978);
Mike W. Martin, Rights and the Meta-Ethics of Professional Morality,
91 Ethics 619 (1978); Alan Goldman, The Moral Foundations of
Professional Ethics (1980); Hampshire, "Public and Private
Morality," in Stuart Hampshire (ed.), Public and Private
Morality 23-53 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1978)
Head and Heart: "The Head and the Heart,"
in Michael Maccoby, The Gamesman: The New Corporate Leaders 153-186
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1976)
Thinking About Ourselves as Lawyers: Thomas
D. Eisele, The Activity of Being a Lawyer: The Imaginative Pursuit
of Implications and Possibilities, 54 Tenn. L. Rev. 345 (1987);
Robert Coles, Legal Ethics: The Question of Principalities and
Powers, 21 Bos. Coll. L. Rev. 1017 (1980);
The Moral Dimension of Lawyering: Jack L.
Sammons, The Professionalism Movement: The Problems Defined,
7 Notre Dame J. Law, Ethics & Pub. Pol. 269 (1993); Anthony
T. Kronman, Foreword: Legal Scholarship and Moral Education,
90 Yale L. J. 955, 959-967 (1981); Gerald J. Postema, Moral Responsibility
in Professional Responsibility, 55 NYUL Rev. 63 (1980); Robert
P. Lawry, The Central Moral Tradition of Lawyering, 19 Hofstra
L. Rev. 311 (1990); Geoffrey C. Hazard, The Future of Legal Ethics,
100 Yale L. J. 1239 (1991); Serena Stier, Legal Ethics: The Integrity
Thesis, 52 Ohio St. L. J. 551 (1991); Timothy W. Floyd, Realism,
Responsibility, and the Good Lawyer: Niebuhrian Perspectives
on Legal Ethics, 67 Notre Dame L. Rev. 587 (1992); David Luban,
Calming the Hearse Horse: A Philosophical Research Program for
Legal Ethics, 40 Md. L. Rev. 451 (1981)
Zealous Advocacy: Warren Lehman, The Pursuit of a Clients
Interest, 77 Mich. L. Rev. 1078 (1979); Duncan Kennedy, The Responsibility
of Lawyers for the Justice of Their Causes, 18 Tex. Tech. L.
Rev. 1157 (1987); David Luban, Lawyers and Justice: An Ethical
Study (Princeton: New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1988);
William H. Simon, The Ideology of Advocacy: Procedural Justice
and Professional Ethics, 1978 Wis. L. Rev. 29, 108-109; Thomas
L. shaffer, Advocacy a Moral Discourse, 57 No. Car. L. Rev. 647
(1979)
Zealous Advocacy (We Have Nothing to Fear): Charles
Fried, The Lawyer as Friend: The Moral Foundations of the Lawyer-Client
Relationship, 85 Yale L. J. 1060 (1976); Stephen L. Pepper, The
Lawyer's Amoral Ethical Role: A Defense, a Problem, and Some
Possibilities, 1986 Amer. B. Res. Found. J. 613. Response
to the Fried/Pepper Argument: Edward Dauer and Arthur Leff,
Correspondence: The Lawyer as Friend, 86 Yale L. J. 573 (1977)(response
to Fried); ; Andrew Kaufman, A Commentary on Pepper's "The
Laywer's Amoral Ethical Role," 1987 Amer. B. Found. Res.
J. 651; The Moral Labyrinth of Zealous Advocacy, 20 Cap. L. Rev.
735 (1993)
Conflicting Loyalties: Fred C. Zacharias, Reconciling
Professionalism and Client Interests, 36 Will. & Mary L.
Rev. 1303 (1995); James R. Elkins, The Paradox of A Life in Law,
40 U. Pitts. L. Rev. 129 (1978); "Polarities and Paradox"
in Elizabeth Dvorkin, Jack Himmelstein, and Howard Lesnick, Becoming
a Lawyer 159-174 (1981)
On What It Means to Have a Practical Orientation:
Eric Hoffer, The Ordeal of Change 58-72 (New York: Harper and
Row, 1963)
A Virtue and Character Approach to Ethics: Anthony
T. Kronman, Living in the Law, 54 U. Chi. L. Rev. 835 (1987);
Anthony T. Kronman, The Good Lawyer: Judgment and Character in
Law Practice, Yale L. Rpt. 2 (Spring, 1989); ; Edmund L. Pincoffs,
Quandaries and Virtues: Against Reductivism in Ethics (Lawrence,
Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 1986); Alasdair MacIntyre,
After Virtue (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1981)
An Ethic of Care: Theresa Glennon, Lawyers and Caring:
Building an Ethic of Care into Professional Responsibility, 43
Hastings L. J. 1175 (1992); Carol Gilligan, In Different Voice
(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1982); Nel Noddings, Caring:
A Feminine Approach to Ethics & Moral Education (Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1984); Eva Feder Kittay and Diana
T. Meyers (eds.), Women and Moral Theory (Totowa, New Jersey:
Rowman & Littlefield, 1987)
Feminist Critiques of Lawyer Ethics: Naomi R. Cahn,
A Preliminary Feminist Critique of Legal Ethics, 4 Geo. J. Leg.
Ethics, 23 (1990); Carrie Menkel-Meadow, Portia in a Different
Voice: Some Speculations on a Women's Lawyering Process, 1 Berkeley
Women's L.J. 39 (1985)
Moral Philosophy: "A Selective Primer
on Some Important Aspects of Moral Reasoning," in David
McCord and Sandra K. Lyons, Moral Reasoning and the Criminal
Law: The Example of Self-Defense, 30 Am. Crim. L. Rev. 97, 111-130
(1992)
Professional Ethics: Joan C. Callahan (ed.), Ethical
Issues in Professional Life (New York: Oxford University Press,
1988)
Altruism: Carrie Menkel-Meadow, Is Altruism Possible
in Lawyering?, 8 Ga. State U.L. Rev. 385 (1992)
On the Moral Psychology of Character and the Lawyer Role:
David Luban (ed.), The Good Lawyer: Laywers' Roles and Lawyers'
Ethics 259-314 (Totowa, New Jersey: Rowman & Allanheld, 1983);
Wayne D. Brazil, The Attorney as Victim: Toward More Candor About
the Psychological Price Tag of Litigation Practice, 3 J. Leg.
Prof. 107, 108-111 (1978)
Dealing With Law's Shadow: Stephan A. Landsman,
Satanic Cases: A Means of Confronting the Law's Immorality, 66
Notre Dame L. Rev. 785 (1991)
Public Perception of Lawyers: Robert C. Post, On the
Popular Image of the Lawyer: Reflections in a Dark Glass, 75
Cal. L. Rev. 379 (1987); Jon R. Waltz, The Unpopularity of Lawyers,
25 Clev. St. L. Rev. 143 (1976); Jon R. Waltz, Some Thoughts
on the Legal Profession's Public Image, 23 DePaul L. Rev. 651
(1974)
Meaningful Work: "Practicing Lawyers," in
F. Raymond Marks, The Lawyer, the Public, and Professional Responsibility
210-213 (Chicago: American Bar Foundation, 1972); "Fate
and Toil," in Glenn Tinder, Against Fate: An Essay on Personal
Dignity 74-78 (Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame
Press, 1981); "The Idea of the Transformative Vocation,"
in Roberto Mangabeira Unger, Social Theory: Its Situation and
Its Task 26-35 (1987); Anthony Kronman, The Lost Lawyer: Failing
Ideals of the Legal Profession 368-375 (Cambridge; Belknap Press
of Harvard University Press, 1993); "Hard Work," in
Michael Walzer, Spheres of Justice 165-168 (1983); "Meaningful
Work," in Robert Nozick, Anarchy, State and Utopia 246-250
(1974); Robert Coles, Work and Self-Respect, 105 Daedalus 29
(Fall, 1976); Patricia A. Renwick and Edward E. Lawler, What
you Really Want From Your Job, Psychology Today 53 (May, 1978);
Robert Kegan, In Over Our Heads: The Mental Demands of Modern
Life 137-197 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1994)
Lawyers and Their Disaffections: Nancy C. Dart, The
First Five Years of Practice, 21 Conn. L. Rev. 81, 83-86 (1988)
Civility: Robert C. Cumbow, A Learned Profession, 81
A.B.A. J. 104, 104 (1995); Marvin E. Aspen, The Search for Renewed
Civility in Litigation, 28 Val. U. L. Rev. 513 (1994)
Stories and the Pedagogy of Lawyer Ethics: Stephen
Gillers, Getting Personal, 58 L. & Contemp. Probs. 61 (Summer/Autumn,
1995); Walter H. Bennett, Jr., The University of North Carolina
Intergenerational Legal Ethics Project: Expanding the Contexts
for Teaching Professional Ethics and Values, 58 L. & Contemp.
Probs. 173, 190-191 (Summer/Autumn, 1995); Vincent Robert Johnson,
Law-givers, Story-tellers, and Dubin's Legal Heroes: The Emerging
Dichotomy in Legal Ethics, 3 Geo. J. Legal Ethics 341 (1989);
Edmund B. Spaeth, Jr., Janet G. Perry, and Peggy B. Wachs, Teaching
Legal Ethics: Exploring the Continuum, 58 L. & Contemp. Probs.
153 159-160, 162-163 (Summer/Autumn, 1995); Mark Weisberg &
Jacalyn Duffin, Evoking the Moral Imagination: Using Stories
to Teach Ethics and Professionalism to Nursing, Medical, and
Law Students, Change, Jan/Feb., 1995, at 21; Vincent Robert Johnson,
Law-givers, Story-tellers, and Dubin's Legal
Heroes: The Emerging Dichotomy in Legal Ethics, 3 Geo. J. Legal
Ethics 341 (1989)
The Role of Conversation in Law and Legal Practice: Thomas
Shaffer, The Practice of Law as Moral Discourse, 55 Notre Dame
Law. 231 (1979); Marie Ashe, Conversation and Abortion (Book
Review), 82 Northwestern U. L. Rev. 387 (1988); Michael Perry,
Morality, Politics, and Law (New York: Oxford University Press,
1988); Steven J. Burton, An Introduction to Law and Legal Reasoning
204-210 (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1985); James Boyd
White, When Words Lose Their Meaning: Constitutions and Reconstitutions
of Language, Character, and Community 93-113, 188, 264-268 (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1984); James Boyd White, The Legal
Imagination: Studies in the Nature of Legal Thought and Expression
45, 186-187, 215-218, 951-959 (Boston: Little, Brown and Company,
1973)
Legal Education and Socratic Teaching: Thomas D. Eisele,
Must Virtue Be Taught? 37 J. Legal Educ. 495 (1987); Richard
K. Neumann, A Preliminary Inquiry into the Art of Critique, 40
Hastings L. J. 725 (1989); Richard Cole, The Socratic Method
in Legal Education: Moral Discourse and Accommodation, 35 Mercer
L. Rev. 867 (1984); William C. Heffernan, Not Socrates, But Protagoras:
The Sophistic Basis of Legal Education, 29 Buff. L. Rev. 399
(1980); James R. Elkins, Socrates and
the Pedagogy of Critique, 14 Legal Stud. F. 231 (1990)
Misc: William H. Simon, Ethical Discretion
in Lawyering, 101 Harv. L. Rev. 1083 (1988); Daniel R. Coquillette,
Professionalism: The Deep Theory, 72 N.C. L. Rev. 1271 (1994);
Stanley Fish, Anti-Professionalism, 7 Cardozo L. Rev. 645 (1986);
Eric Blumenson, Mapping the Limits of Skepticism in Law and Morals,
74 Tex. L. Rev. 523 (1996); Deborah L. Rhode, The Rhetoric of
Professional Reform, 45 Md. L. Rev. 274 (1986); Richard Wasserstrom,
Legal Education and the Good Lawyer, 34 J. Legal Educ. 155 (1984);
Mary Ann Glendon, Rights Talk: The Impoverishment of Political
Discourse (1991); Veronica Gentilli, A Double Challenge for Critical
Race Scholars: The Moral Context, 65 S. Calif. L. Rev. 2361 (1992);
D. L. Rosenhan, Moral Character, 27 Stan. L. Rev. 925 (1975);
Kenneth L. Penegar, The Five Pillars of Professionalism, 49 U.
Pitt. L. REV. 307 (1988); Steven L. Pepper, Counseling at the
Limits of the Law: An Exercise in the Jurisprudence and Ethics
of Lawyering, 104 Yale L.J. 1545, 1606-07 (1995); Bryant Garth,
From Civil Litigation to Private Justice: Legal Practice at War
with the Profession and Its Values, 59 Brook. L. Rev. 931 (1993)
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